Architecture

How systems are structured — where logic belongs, how services talk to each other, and the decisions that are expensive to reverse.

Designing reliable webhook processing systems overview

Architecture

October 31, 202626 min read

Designing Reliable Webhook Processing Systems

Learn how to build resilient webhook consumers: fast acknowledgment, database idempotency, partition queues, capped retries, and data reconciliation.

API idempotency flow showing safe retries and duplicate request prevention

Architecture

October 31, 20269 min read

Idempotency by Design: Making APIs Safe to Retry

Learn how API idempotency prevents duplicate operations on retries, with idempotency key patterns, database design, race-condition handling, and Node.js code.

An app calling any provider through a single adapter boundary

Architecture

October 31, 20269 min read

Universal Third-Party Integration Framework: Adapters, OAuth, Webhooks, Retries, Rate Limits, and Sync

Build one integration layer for every provider: adapters, OAuth refresh, signed webhooks, retries with jitter, rate limits and cursor-based sync.

Services connected by events across three availability zones

Architecture

October 31, 20268 min read

What Are Microservices, Event-Driven Architecture, and Multi-Zone Deployment?

Learn what microservices, event-driven architecture, and multi-zone deployment are, how they work together, and which trade-offs to weigh before you adopt them.

Choosing between fixing a slow query and adding a cache in front of it

Architecture

October 31, 20267 min read

Application Caching: Should You Add a Cache When Your App Is Slow?

Application caching only helps when work repeats. Learn when to add a cache, how browser, CDN, app and database caches differ, and what they cost.

REST API design cover showing resource URLs, one error format, and a versioned contract

Architecture

October 31, 20269 min read

REST API Design: Building Maintainable APIs as Products Grow

Learn REST API design best practices for maintainable APIs, including resource structure, validation, errors, versioning, security, testing, and performance.

Three app servers reach one shared lock so the job runs once

Architecture

October 31, 20267 min read

Distributed Locks in Real Applications: Preventing Duplicate Jobs, Token Refreshes, and Concurrent Updates

How distributed locks stop duplicate jobs, token refresh stampedes and lost updates in Redis and Postgres, and why a lock alone is never a guarantee.

A producer adding a job to a queue, a worker processing it, and the job completing or retrying into a dead letter queue

Architecture

October 31, 202612 min read

Queue-Based Architecture in Practice: BullMQ, RabbitMQ, SQS, Workers, Retries, DLQs, and Job Deduplication

A plain-language, code-tested guide to queue-based architecture: workers, retries, dead letter queues, and job deduplication in BullMQ, RabbitMQ, and SQS.

A client request to an API times out and is retried until it gets a successful response

Architecture

October 31, 20267 min read

Resilient API Design: Retries and Timeouts

Build resilient APIs with timeouts, safe retries, backoff, jitter and idempotency keys to prevent duplicate orders during network failures.

Architecture

October 26, 202610 min read

Real-Time Architectures: Polling vs SSE vs WebSocket vs Push — How to Choose

Learn when to use Polling, SSE, WebSocket or Push Notifications in a real-time architecture, based on who sends data, latency and whether the app is open.

Cover for AWS Lambda Cold Starts: a cold start of about 5.9 seconds against a warm start with no init time

Architecture

August 29, 202614 min read

AWS Lambda Cold Starts: Mitigation and Trade-offs

How AWS Lambda cold starts work, what they cost since the 2025 INIT billing change, and how to cut them with SnapStart, provisioned concurrency and design.

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Designing Reliable Webhook Processing Systems

Idempotency by Design: Making APIs Safe to Retry

Universal Third-Party Integration Framework: Adapters, OAuth, Webhooks, Retries, Rate Limits, and Sync

What Are Microservices, Event-Driven Architecture, and Multi-Zone Deployment?

Application Caching: Should You Add a Cache When Your App Is Slow?

REST API Design: Building Maintainable APIs as Products Grow

Distributed Locks in Real Applications: Preventing Duplicate Jobs, Token Refreshes, and Concurrent Updates

Queue-Based Architecture in Practice: BullMQ, RabbitMQ, SQS, Workers, Retries, DLQs, and Job Deduplication

Resilient API Design: Retries and Timeouts

Real-Time Architectures: Polling vs SSE vs WebSocket vs Push — How to Choose

AWS Lambda Cold Starts: Mitigation and Trade-offs

Let's Collaborate